This dataset contains longitudinal data collected on child development outcomes, child characteristics, and parental and home characteristics on 937 children living in a representative sample of low- and low-middle-income households in Bogota, Colombia. The first round of data was collected in 2011 when 1,311 children ages 6-42 months were given the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (Bayley-III) by psychologists and were randomized to receive one of two batteries of short tests under survey conditions. In 2016, at 6-8 years, 940 of these children were found and given tests of IQ (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, WISC-V) and school achievement (arithmetic, reading, and vocabulary) by psychologists. These 937 children, excluding outliers, constitute the analysis sample of the paper Predictive validity in middle childhood of short tests of early childhood development used in large scale studies compared to the Bayley-III, the Family Care Indicators, height-for-age, and stunting: A longitudinal study in Bogota, Colombia by Marta Rubio-Codina and Sally Grantham-McGregor, forthcoming at PLOS ONE. The dataset was anonymized to protect subject privacy. Variable names and their labels are noted in the data description 2011-2016.xlsx at: https://idbg.sharepoint.com/teams/EZ-CO-TCP/CO-T1419/_layouts/15/DocIdRedir.aspx?ID=EZSHARE-1012859252-8